Painters in Bath

• In Bath, draughtsmen played on the regular architectural motifs of classical architecture seen from different angles and heights of viewpoint.

Artists’ views of Edinburgh

• In Edinburgh, painters emphasised vistas combining the Old Town with the rectilinear New Town.

London and the painters

• In London, artists found visual means of rendering the multiple spaces of a metropolis.

Cityscapes (though the word dates from the 20^th century) developed as part of landscape painting; they were called “views”. To define the pictorial field of vision, painters used optical devices.